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We've reported on the video here:
Kony stands accused of overseeing the systematic kidnapping of countless African children, brainwashing the boys into fighting for him, turning the girls into 本人 slaves and killing those who don't comply.
Kony实际全名为(Joseph Kony)被指出有组织性地绑架无数非洲儿童,对他们进行洗脑使得为他个人进行战斗,有不少女孩子被其做为性奴贩卖。他还杀掉了那些不顺从的儿童。
His forces are believed to have slaughtered tens of thousands of people and are known for hacking the lips off their victims. Kony has been wanted by the international criminal court since 2005 on charges that include crimes against humanity. He has been living in the bush outside Uganda since that time.
他的手下被指屠杀了成千上万的人民并且还割下了那些受害的儿童嘴唇。自2005年开始Kony被国际法庭通缉并被其所犯下的罪行泯灭人性。据说从那时起他开始躲藏在乌干达外的丛林中至今。
The US designated the LRA a terrorist group after September 11, and in 2008 began actively supporting the Ugandan military. In October, the president deployed 100 combat-equipped troops–mostly special operations forces–to Uganda to advise regional military units in capturing or killing Kony.
美国方面自2008年9月11号以后指定LRA(Lord's Resistance Army 也就是joseph kony所成立的反抗军)为恐怖组织,并且开始支援乌干达军队。10月份,总统部署100全幅武装的军人,其中包括特别行动部队,前往乌干达指导当地部队对Kony施行抓捕和击杀。
以上为美国官媒方面的报道和我个人的翻译
对此事件,英国卫报标明的态度是想要”了解更多“,希望知道任何消息的人可以发邮件联系他们。而后,卫报收到了来自各界的观点和资料。
11.30am: This excellent post by Michael Wilkerson, a journalist who has worked extensively in Uganda, starts busting some of the myths around Kony and the situation in Uganda. He writes:
It would be great to get rid of Kony. He and his forces have left abductions and mass murder in their wake for over 20 years.
But let's get two things straight:
1) Joseph Kony is not in Uganda and hasn't been for six years;
2) The LRA now numbers at most in the hundreds, and while it is still causing immense suffering, it is unclear how millions of well-meaning but misinformed people are going to help deal with the more complicated reality.
Michael Wilkerson是一位在乌干达工作多年的记者,对于近期网上流传有关kony和乌干达的种种传闻,他写道:
我对制裁kony没有意见,他和他的手下在过去的20年中确实犯下了种种罪行。但是,有两点我想说明清楚的是:
1)Joseph Kony 从六年前开始就不在乌干达境内了
2)现在LRA军队最多也就残留数百人,即便仍然因为他们使得一些让人痛苦的事情发生,但我无法预测上百万有善意的但是却被错误信息误导的人会怎样对这个复杂的现状施与怎样的“帮助”。
It makes the following points:
??The LRA is not in Uganda but now operates in the DRC, South Sudan and the Central African Republic
??In October last year, Obama authorised the deployment of 100 US army advisers to help the Ugandan military track down Kony, with no results disclosed to date.
??The LRA is much smaller than previously thought. It does not have have 30,000 or 60,000 child soldiers. The figure of 30,000 refers to the total number of children abducted by the LRA over nearly 30 years.
It also makes the point that there is currently no threat to remove the US advisers who are working with the Uganda government to track down the army–Invisible Children's key aim is to force the US government to keep them there.
这封来信说明了下面几点:
??LRA现在不在乌干达而是在苏丹南部和中非共和国。
??去年10月,奥巴马派遣了100名美国部队武装指导人员去帮助乌干达军队搜捕kony,但是目前为止并没有透露任何相关信息。
??LRA军队的规模也比之前想像的要小,对于美军指导的乌干达军队来说绝对构不成任何威胁-Invisible Children这个组织的根本目的是让美国政府持续把军队留在那里。
12.59pm: The Ugandan journalist Angelo Opi-aiya Izama has writtenthis blog
来自乌干达记着Angel Opi-aiya Izama的观点
One salient issue the film totally misses is that the actual geography of today's LRA operations is related to a potentially troubling "resource war".
在短片kony中遗漏了一个非常重要的事实就是从地理角度来说LRA的行动和所谓的“资源战”不无关系。
Since 2006, Uganda discovered world class oil fields along its border with DRC. The location of the oil fields has raised the stakes for the Ugandan military and its regional partners, including the US.
自2006年以来,乌干达在与刚果共和国的交界处发现了储量丰富的石油。油田的位置对乌干达军队和地区合作伙伴,比如说美国之间的利害关系都构成了影响。
While LRA is seen as a mindless evil force, its deceased deputy leader, Vincent Otii, told me once that their fight with President Yoweri Museveni was about "money and oil". This context is relevant because it allows for outsiders to view the LRA issue more objectively within the recent history of violence in the wider region that includes the great Central Africa wars of the 90s, in which groups like LRA were pawns for proxy wars between countries.
当LRA被认为是丧心病狂的X恶组织的时候,组织的副官,Vincent Otii,曾经告诉过我他们和总统Yoweri Museveni之间展开的斗争关乎“钱和石油”。在90年代那段席卷了乃至中非地区的暴力史中,像LRA这样的组织更像是在国家之间被当作工具利用的“暴力代言人”。我提到这些上下文是因为他们确实关乎事实,而且至少可以让局外人在看待LRA的事情上可以更加客观理性一些。
In LRA's case, its main support came from the Sudanese government in Khartoum and many suspect it still maintains the patronage of Omar el-Bashir, the country's president, himself indicted for war crimes by the ICC.
喀土穆的苏丹政府在LRA事件上有重要的嫌疑显示出是因为拥护总统Omar el-Bashir而长期支援LRA。国际法庭也曾指控他应该为这些战争案件负责。
以上是我找到的部分对于此事件的观点和翻译,在给出的卫报的地址的报道页面上都可以找到。有兴趣的人可以自行察看
今天在人人上也看到此视频被无数人转发,那么视频的源地址youku是如何对视频信息进行描述的呢?也有截图:
我想我们大多数人大概连乌干达到底个什么样的国家都没有关注过,更别说其斗争历史了,那么这个上传视频的人又怎么能口气如此斩钉截铁地对其内容进行了如此主观臆断的描述呢?视频有感染力可能只是一方面,因为这毕竟是一部製做“精巧的,手法娴熟的”作品,但是我认为任何一个对于好莱坞式的煽情技巧非常熟悉的人大概在观看视频前5分钟的以后应该都能够明白这是一个有着什么样的价值观引导的短片。
在youtube上,我也找到了一些乌干达人个人对于此短片和短片引发的现象的**和说明(http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KLVY5jBnD-E&feature=related),他们都提出了认为短片中所描述的乌干达根本和目前乌干达的现实情况不相符,呼吁大家多做些搜索,理性思考再选择立场。
我把这些资料和观点搜集并且翻译过来贴在这里,只是想告诉那些看了视频以后一腔热血要去声讨kony援助非洲的人:事情不是想像中的二元对立,善恶两极这么简单,而是要复杂的多。如果单看LRA这么个历史事件,部落之间的利益冲突,还有权力斗争都是其背后形成的动因,而欧美国家的对非洲长期的介入,实际上没有带去福音,而是把斗争关系和利益关系变得更加复杂,即便有人陈词滥调地说他们是冲着资源去非洲的,这也根本不奇怪,因为历史确实重复如此的上演了这样的动机和其带来的后果。如果大家真的一心想要帮助非洲,为什么不呼吁非洲各国人民尽快完整自己国家的主权和制宪呢?所谓的慈善机构的捐助不仅没有让非洲脱离贫困,反而助长了政府的**和货币的高通胀率,让社会陷入了一个恶性循环。更有记着和学者指出,这些美国的或者欧洲的慈善机构打着“非政府组织”的旗号收到了大量的捐款,但仅有少部分被用于“援助”(根据英国卫报对此的披露,是“不足32%的筹得资金被用于支援,更多得采证和分析这些援助对非洲社会格局造成得不良影响,大家可以参考赞比亚政治学者赞比亚的政治学者Moyo写的《Dead Aid》中的内容),其他的都做为了机构人员的旅行费用和宣传,甚至各种不必要的花销等。今天,网络让全世界的消息前所未有的如此流通,可是这不代表大多人对于他者了解的更多,有时候可能就是恰恰相反。 |
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