Freedom’s Steel系列刀具介绍译评（四）：2015年，Jerry Fisk制作“杰斐逊“博弈

毒九 · 发表于 2020-5-5 05:26

本帖最后由毒九于 2020-5-5 17:25 编辑

原文和图片来自Knife Rights网站链接，侵删。
每段都先上原文（绿字），以供对比批判。
红字是译者扯淡。
背景和与之前重复的知识，比如刀匠Fisk的个人介绍，就不再赘述。有兴趣可翻前两两把刀的贴子。

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这把是截至目前，这系列刀具里Fisk的最后一把刀。

Knife Rights has donated Freedom’s Steel™ IV – The Jefferson Bowie, an extraordinary custom knife collaboration,to the National Rifle Association’s Institute for Legislative Action (NRA-ILA) in appreciation for their support of Knife Rights’ legislative efforts in fighting the Second Front in Defense of the Second Amendment™. Freedom’s Steel™ IV was conceived of, and sponsored by, Knife Rights expressly to benefit NRA-ILA. This is the fourth year in a row that Knife Rights has donated a Freedom’s Steel™ knife, raising $66,500 the first three years.
Knife Rights（刀权组织）捐献Freedom’s Steel™ IV（自由之钢四号）——The Jefferson Bowie（杰斐逊博弈），一把了不起的合作定制刀，感谢NRA-ILA（美国步木·仓协会立法研究所）对刀权组织在保护宪法第二修正案的第二战线上奋斗的支持。自由之钢四号由刀权组织构思策划，所有利益归于NRA-ILA。
这是刀权组织连续第四年捐献自由之钢系列刀，前三年共拍得66500美元。
（这把拍出价大约33500美刀，比去年略高一点。比不了17年Cook那把天价刀，但也不算低了。）

Freedom’s Steel™ IV – The Jefferson Bowie will be a featured auction item at the NRA-ILA Dinner and Auction to be held at the NRA Annual Meeting in Nashville, Tennessee, the evening of April 10, 2015. Proceeds from the sale of Freedom’s Steel™ IV will support NRA-ILA efforts to defend the Second Amendment.
步枪协会在2015年4月10日，于田纳西州Nashville举办年会，这把刀作为特别竞品在NRA-ILA晚宴暨拍卖会上拍卖。
所得将支持NRA-ILA保护第二修正案的努力。

The body of the blade has 239 layers, one for each year from 1776 to 2015. The pattern in the body the blade has 21 Xs forged into the steel to formally salute our Constitution and the Second Amendment.
刀身花纹239层，代表美国从建国到2015年的239年岁月。刀片花纹构成21个X字，向我们的宪法和第二修正案正式致敬。（21个X是什么含义，我没查出来。）

The dramatic on-of-a-kind 12.75-inch Damascus blade of Freedom’s Steel™ IV – The Jefferson Bowie was forged by National Living Treasure and American Bladesmith Society Master Bladesmith Jerry Fisk with two distinct patterns to honor our Second Amendment. The pattern on the spine of the blade was first forged with 13 layers of high carbon steel, one layer for each of the original colonies. Fisk then folded that 13-layer billet to 39 layers, the number of the signers of the Constitution. He then twisted the bar to the right (of course) honoring the rights accorded to all Americans that are incorporated into the Bill of Rights.
这把戏剧性的、独一无二的博弈刀由国家活宝、ABS大师Jerry Fisk用两种不同大马锻造合一，以致敬我们的第二修正案。（有点牵强吧……这两种大马合一的做法有点险，搞不好拼贴感太生硬。这把还不错，Cook竹篱博弈也是这种做法）
刀背附近大马开始用高碳大马锻造成13层，代表13个创始殖民地。接下来Fisk把它折叠成39层，这是宪法签署者的数字。
然后Fisk向右（当然）扭曲这些条带，致敬所有被纳入人权法案的美国人的权利。（权利和右是一个单词，这儿在玩语言梗）

The histroic wood handle of Freedom’s Steel™ IV – The Jefferson Bowie is made from the wood of the “Jefferson Tulip Poplar” tree. This is from the only tree with provenance as being personally planted by Thomas Jefferson at Monticello. Fisk carved three flutes into the handle to honor Jefferson as our third President, a framer of the Constitution who was a major force and inspiration for the Bill of Rights that includes the Second Amendment.
这把刀木柄使用的木料来自“杰斐逊鹅掌揪”。它来自于杰斐逊在Monticello亲手种下的唯一一棵树。
Fisk刻下三条凹槽，纪念杰斐逊曾任美国的第三任总统，他也是宪法的制定者、《人权法案》的主要推动者和灵魂人物——也包括第二修正案在内。
（杰斐逊是非常有意思的人，可以说是领先时代的、知识分子的理想态。他兼具知识分子的博雅、博爱、彻底的怀疑和探索精神，又具备时代赋予的对家国的热爱、无畏、自律和对人性的警惕。在他那个时代，维持这两方面的平衡还算容易，在之后的世代则越来越难，几乎不可能。在这个意义上可以说，他的遗产是难以继承的。今人看他的某些个性、自由主义非常亲切，殊不知那仅是他广博人格之一端。此端离今人愈近，平衡此端之另一端实离今人愈远。）

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“[A] bill of rights is what the people are entitled to against every government on earth, general or particular, and what no just government should refuse.”
— Thomas Jefferson, December 20, 1787
权利法案是人民抵制世上所有政府（无论一般而论，还是具体而言）的权利，不应被任何公正的政府所拒绝。
——托马斯·杰斐逊，1787年12月20日

This historic tree was felled and salvaged by Historical Woods of America in 2008. The beautiful poplar wood is stabilized to last for generations.
这棵历史名木于2008年由美国历史林木公司砍伐并回收。美丽的鹅掌揪木料经稳定化处理，可以长久传承。

The full guard and ferrule of Freedom’s Steel™ IV – The Jefferson Bowie has been deeply engraved by Master Engraver Jim Small with scrollwork and leaves representing the birth and renewal of the nation. Small added 24K gold inlays to highlight the exquisite engraving.
护手和刀颈由雕刻大师Jim Small深雕涡卷和叶花纹饰，图案代表国家的诞生和复兴。Small添加24K黄金镶嵌，以突显精致的雕刻。

Freedom’s Steel™ IVis presented in a custom-built black walnut display case by Brookfield Case. It features glass on four sides and the top and a document storage drawer.
这把刀在Brookfield Case提供的黑胡桃木定制展示柜中展示。它提供四面及顶部的透明玻璃开窗和文件存放抽屉。

Photography of Freedom’s Steel™ IV – The Jefferson Bowie courtesy of Buddy Thomason.
刀的照片承蒙Buddy Thomason提供。

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The Historic Thomas Jefferson Wood Handle
具有历史意义的托马斯·杰斐逊木柄

This Tulip Poplar tree is believed to have been planted by Jefferson himself off the Southwest corner of Monticello. Hollow for many years, it finally died in 2008 and was removed in June of that year by Historical Woods of America.
这棵鹅掌揪据信是由杰斐逊亲手栽种于Monticello的西南角。它已空心很多年，终于在2008年死去。那年六月它被历史林木公司移除。
（蒙蒂塞洛（Monticello）是美国第3任总统托马斯·杰斐逊的“自传体”式建筑杰作及其故居，该建筑经过40多年的设计、重新设计、建造和重建。其花园是一个植物展示、食物来源，也是一个世界各地的观赏植物和有用植物的实验室。——摘自百度。作为百科全书式的学者，杰斐逊对建筑学也深有兴趣和研究。于是自己的房子便成了最方便的建筑实验对象。其中到处是奇思异想和机关设计，很多并不实用，但足够有趣。一个伟大的人首先要是一个有趣的人，否则就非常值得怀疑。）

In his Weather Memorandum Book on April 16, 1807, Jefferson noted planting “1. Laurodendron in margin of SW [shrub circle] from the nursery.” This is the exact spot that this Poplar tree was growing. The Thomas Jefferson Foundation believes that this is clear evidence that this tree was the only one on the property that was definitely original and planted personally by Jefferson. Tree dating experts confirm the planting date noted by Jefferson as being appropriate for the estimated age of the tree at its death. For many years it was promoted by the Foundation as “America’s Millennium Landmark Tree.”
在杰斐逊的天气日志中，1807年4月16日这页，他记录栽下了“（从苗圃来的）1. 鹅掌揪在西南边缘（灌木圈）。”这是这棵树生长的确切地点。托马斯杰斐逊基金会认为这明确证明了，这棵树是这个产业里唯一杰斐逊亲手种植、原生的树。树龄专家证实了杰斐逊记录的植树日期，和这棵树死亡时间年龄推断相符。很多年来，基金会都宣传这棵树为“美国千年地标树”。

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Engraver: Jim Small
雕刻师：Jim Small

Jim Small was one of the first members of the Knife Makers Guild. He started making knives in 1968 and continues to do so, but on a limited basis. In late 70’s he taught himself to engrave and found that he could make a better living in a shorter amount of time by scratching designs in metal.
Jim Small是美国刀匠公会成员。他1968年开始做刀，但数量很少。
70年代末，他自学雕刻，发现金属雕刻设计可以让他在更短时间内过上更好的生活。

For the first few years he engraved only his own knives. In 1982 Small started engraving other makers knives and from there the engraving business grew to firearms and jewelry.
在最初的几年，他只雕刻他自己的刀。
1982年，他开始雕刻其他刀匠作品，雕刻业务也扩大到木·仓支和珠宝。

Small has received numerous accolades, including:
Small 获得了众多荣誉，包括：

Made knives and and engraved his work for four U.S. Presidents, all of which are displayed in their libraries.
Produced Georgia Bi-Centennial Bowie in 1976. 76 were offered and only 29 were made, all registered with the Georgia State Archives along with all the documentation.
In 1982 he produced 12 30-minute programs with Georgia Public Television on How to Build a Custom Knife and The Art in Knifemaking. Small also wrote two study guides to go along with these programs. Eventually these programs were offered nationwide to educational stations for free. Many foreign countries also picked up these programs and he received letters from all over the world.
Small’s knives won Best of Show at the New York Custom Knife Show in 1985 and 1986.
He has donated knives and engraving to a number of private and non-profit organizations, including Duck Unlimited, Quail Unlimited, Turkey Unlimited, National Wildlife Federation, Georgia Wildlife Federation and the Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources for the Game Warden of the Year.
为四位美国总统制作了刀子并刻有他的作品，所有这些作品都陈列在相关总统的图书馆里。
1976年制作了佐治亚州双百年博弈。定单76把，只完成29把，全部在佐治亚州档案馆登记。
1982年，他与佐治亚州公共电视台制作了12个30分钟的节目，《如何制作定制刀》和《刀制作艺术》。Small写了两本学习指南来配合这些课程。最终，这些课程被向全国教育站免费提供。许多外国也引进了这些项目，他收到了来自世界各地的信件。
1985年和1986年，他的刀在纽约定制刀展上获得了刀展最佳奖。
他向许多私人和非盈利组织捐赠了刀具和雕刻，包括鸭无穷、鹌鹑无穷、火鸡无穷（这三个是单种动物数量维持组织）、国家野生动物联合会、佐治亚州野生动物联合会和佐治亚州自然资源部，作为年度狩猎管理员。

The list goes on and on. After almost 50 years in the business, he hasn’t slowed down.
名单还在增长。在近五十年奋斗之后，他并未放慢脚步。

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这几把为刀权协会免费做的刀可以算是Fisk的代表作。
具体特点，在前几把刀的介绍中已有评述。
个人非常喜欢他这种具有历史感的作品。
Fisk还有一把911纪念定制刀，也属此类，是我在Fisk作品中的最爱。
比起那几把自由之钢，这把全部由Fisk完成，更体现他的个人艺术特点和把握力，也是我见过最壮阔的狼星大马。
刀的照片和介绍来自Fisk官网，附录于此：

"The Damascus was made from steel from tower one and two of the trade center and has a sun rise pattern.
大马钢刀片是由贸易中心一号和二号楼的钢材制成的，形成太阳升起的图案。

The blade has 342 layers, which is a missing man weld [like the missing man formation the Air Force does about a fallen comrade] as there were 343 firemen and policemen that died that day.
大马有342层，纪念每一个牺牲于此的战士（就像空军对牺牲的同袍所做的失踪人员队形），因为911那天有343名消防员和警察死亡。

The guard and pommel cap are from building two. The ferrule is a two piece ferrule of building one in front and building two on the back side of the ferrule. You can see that there is a separation of coloring.
护手和尾铁钢材来自二号楼。刀颈是一个两层的套圈，前面那层来自一号楼，后面那层来自二号楼。你可以看到颜色有区别。

The handle is from the George Washington Horse Chestnut tree. He planted 13 trees, one for each colony. This was the last tree and it was cut down about the year 2000. This was the tree planted for the Georgia colony. The gold inlay is by maker. The knife is patterned after the recognized National knife, The Bowie knife.
刀柄来自乔治华盛顿亲植马栗树。他共种了13棵，每个原始殖民地一棵。这是最后一棵树，大约在2000年被砍伐。这是为佐治亚州殖民地种植的树。金镶是刀匠做的。这把刀的刀型是公认的美利坚民族刀——博弈刀。

The owner was there the day after the fall of the trade center handing out medicine and helping any way he could. He wanted this as a reminder of that day."
贸易中心倒塌后的当天，定制这把刀的客户就在那里分发药品，尽其所能提供帮助。他想以此作为那天的纪念。

此刀数据：
Blade Steel:       WTC steel building #2
刀钢：世贸大厦2号楼

Blade Length:       11 inches
刀长：11英寸

Handle Material:       Horse Chestnut tree that was the last of the 13 that Geo Washington planted
手柄材质：华盛顿手植马栗树

Bolster/Guard:       Building one and two of the WTC then color case hardened
护手、尾铁：世贸中心一和二号楼，热处理上色

Engraver/Scrimshander:       maker
雕刻：刀作者

Embellishments:       24 kt gold inlays
装饰：24K金镶

Warranty:       Lifetime of workmanship by Maker to Original Purchaser
保障：对原购买者，刀匠有生之年提供

Pouch/Sheath:       Paul Long Sheath and zippered Pouch
鞘和刀包：宝龙鞘，拉链刀包

毒九 · 发表于 2020-5-5 05:27

本帖最后由毒九于 2020-5-5 06:15 编辑

2015年，和上面杰斐逊博弈同时拍卖的，还有Steve Culver制作的复古手木·仓。因为Steve Culver也是ABS大师，所以一并翻译下。

After the better part of a century, the lost art of making spiral welded Damascus g·u·n barrels has been re-discovered by Master Bladesmith & Master G·u·nsmith Steve Culver. This history-making hand-crafted .45 Cal. percussion pistol incorporates only the second spiral welded Damascus g·u·n barrel ever made since the last one was produced in 1930. Culver experimentally produced the first one in 2012 after years of research and effort.
在将近一个世纪之后，旋焊大马木·仓管这门遗失的艺术被刀具和木·仓械大师Steve Culver重现。这个创造历史的手制点45口径击发式手木·仓，是1930年之后，重新被制作出的第二支。Culver在多年探索与努力之后，于2012年制作出了实验性的第一支。

Spiral welded Damascus g·u·n barrels were produced for about 150 years. The last spiral welded Damascus g·u·n-barrel was documented as made at Jean Decour-Dupont’s works in Nessonvaux, Belgium in 1930. Unfortunately, the secrets to making such barrels died with the makers. Many of what records existed were destroyed in the war.
旋焊大马木·仓管技术在历史上存在了150多年。最后一支这种木·仓管是Jean Decour-Dupont在1930年，于比利时Nessonvaux制作的。不幸的是，这种技术随制作者一起消逝。很多档案也毁于战争。

上图为伯纳德图案花纹钢。网图。

The .45 caliber barrel used on Freedom’s Steel™ Damascus Pistol is of Bernard pattern Damascus steel. Firearms historians believe that g·u·n barrels of Bernard pattern were last made in Belgium. The Damascus g·u·n barrel industry was wiped out during World War I, but was revived briefly in Belgium starting in 1924 with some of the last remaining forgers. Unfortunately the effort didn’t last. As the 100th anniversary of the start of WWI was in 2014, this creation of a g·u·n barrel in Bernard pattern was done on the 100th anniversary of the last time that this Damascus pattern barrel was made.
自由之钢点45口径手木·仓使用了伯纳德图案花纹钢。木·仓械历史学家相信，最后一支伯纳德花纹钢是在比利时制造。
大马木·仓管工业在一战被摧毁，1924年，一批剩余的工匠在比利时使之复活，苟延残喘了一段时间。不幸的是，之后就没有之后了。
2014年，在一战开始百周年，也是这类大马木仓管最后建造日的百周年，这支木·仓管被制作完成。

There are 81 steel rods stacked into the billet, 41 rods of 1084 steel and 40 rods of 1018 steel. The rods were stacked in a 9 x 9 checkerboard arrangement. This stack of rods was forge-welded into a solid block which was then drawn out by forging and cut into two equal lengths. Each length was then drawn out into rods that were 1/2″ square and then the two rods were twisted along their entire length, at a rate of 3 1/2 revolutions per inch. The rods were then forge welded to each other along their lengths to make a “riband,” or bar of Damascus. All of the Damascus steel for the pistol came from this riband.
钢坯由81根钢棒组成，41根1084钢棒和40根1018钢棒。
钢棒被堆叠成9×9交织排列，然后这堆钢棒被锻造成一个实心块，然后锻造拉伸，切成两个相等的长度。
然后，每个长度被拉伸成 1/2" 平方英寸的杆棒，接下来两根杆棒整个扭旋在一起，每英寸长度旋3 1/2圈。
然后，这些棒子沿着它们的长度相互焊接，以制作大马士革的"条带"或钢条。手木·仓的大马钢都来自这个条带。

In order to create the barrel, the riband was wound around a steel mandrel to form a coil. The turns of the coil were then forge welded together to create a solid barrel tube. It is much more difficult, technically, than it sounds. It took Culver years to figure out how to do it.
为了制造木·仓管，条带被缠绕在在钢芯上，像线圈那样。
卷缠的线圈再被锻焊成为坚实的木·仓管。
说着容易，实际操作要技术性得多也难得多。Culver耗费数年时间掌握这个技术。

The bore of the rough forged barrel tube was drilled and reamed to remove imperfections and create the smooth finished bore. The outside of the tube was then machined into its final octagonal form.
木·仓管粗坯被重新打钻和扩孔，以消除瑕疵、制造出光滑完美的木·仓膛。
木·仓管的外壁也被加工成最终的八角形。

The lock was designed and hand-crafted by Culver in the traditional side-lock style. The lock-plate is made from the same Damascus steel as was used to make the g·u·n barrel. The intricate trigger guard was forged to shape from this same Damascus and then hand finished. A Sterling Silver blade sight was inlet into the barrel.
击发装置（锁）由 Culver 以传统的侧锁风格设计和手工制作。
锁板由大马士革钢制成，与用来制造木·仓管的钢相同。复杂的扳机护罩用相同的大马锻造成形，然后手工完成。
一个纯银刀片形状的准星被镶嵌在木·仓管上。

The historic Cherry wood used to make the pistol stock came from the site of George Washington’s childhood home and was provided by Historical Woods of America. Culver hand-carved the final lines of the 1850s era style stock, carefully fitting it to the mechanical parts of the pistol.
制作木·仓托的樱桃木来自乔治·华盛顿的童年故居，由美国历史林木公司提供。
Culver手工雕刻了1850年代风格的木·仓托，精心地将其安装到手木·仓的机械部件上。

制作者: Steve Culver

Steve started making knives in 1987, sold his first knife in 1989 and passed the American Bladesmith Society’s demanding Master Smith test in 2007. He has been a full time knifemaker since March, 2004.
Steve从1987年开始制造刀具，1989年卖掉了第一把刀，并在2007年通过了ABS要求很高的MS考试。
自2004年3月以来，他一直是全职刀匠。

Steve is also a Master G·u·nsmith. He no longer takes in g·u·nsmithing work, having chosen to concentrate primarily on knifemaking. Becoming an accomplished Master Bladesmith has steeped Steve in the intricate, but brutal art of forging and working with Damascus steel.
史蒂夫也是木·仓械锻造大师。他已不再从事木·仓制造工作，专注于制刀。
努力成为一个牛逼的锻刀大师，已经足够让他沉浸在锻造大马钢这种复杂，而且残酷的艺术。

With a background as both a g·u·nsmith and a bladesmith, and an insatiable curiosity, the mysteries of Damascus g·u·n barrels soon became a siren’s song for Steve.
大马木·仓管的奥秘很快成为史蒂夫的塞壬之歌（致命的诱惑）。
他既有木·仓匠，又有刀匠的背景，还有一种无法满足的好奇心。

Steve spent two years researching and experimenting in his shop to re-discover the process of making spiral welded Damascus g·u·n barrels. On September 26, 2012, he successfully test fired a Damascus g·u·n barrel that he had made.
Steve花了两年时间在他的工坊里研究和试验，以重现制造旋焊大马木·仓管的过程。
2012年9月26日，他成功试射了大马木·仓管。

sjsj · 发表于 2020-5-5 14:18

好文,学习了.

叨叨催人老 · 发表于 2020-5-5 17:06

本帖最后由叨叨催人老于 2020-5-5 17:10 编辑

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读先生一系列精品文章，深味西方工业传统造就的匠人精神之伟大，复为我邦缺乏此精神而深感悲哀，此非一日一年一代之功也，妄言什么跨越式发展、弯道超车，何异于痴人说梦。